The simplest answer to the question of what DeepFake is is that it is an image processing technique that combines images of human faces using artificial intelligence.
In short, this means that an image of one person's face is superimposed on an image of another person's face, taking into account their facial expressions and body movements. This technology appeared in 2017 with the publication of pornographic films in which the faces of actresses were replaced by the faces of celebrities. Gal Gadot, Maisie Williams and Taylor Swift among others.
Since then, with the development of this technology, the number of DeepFaks on the Internet is growing rapidly. Use cases of DeepFake can be divided according to the goal of the video creators:
entertaining - intended to entertain the audience, usually involving fictional characters known from pop culture,
educational - used, among other things, to spread information about the threats posed by DeepFake technology,
disinformation – false news, the aim of which is to mislead the recipient,
disparaging - intended to ridicule or discredit specific people or organizations.
Photo 1. Video on the BuzzFeed YouTube channel, in which the face of Barack Obama was superimposed on the actor's face using DeepFake technology. The aim of the film was to educate the recipient about the dangers of using artificial intelligence to create fake news.
Artificial intelligence and image manipulation go together perfectly. Therefore, DeepFake technology is constantly evolving, and today contact with its products on the Internet is slowly becoming our daily life.
Just look at how artificial intelligence is starting to be implemented in Google or Bing search engines and how slowly it is starting to change the image of how we search for things on the Internet.
DeepFake's Impact on Internet Security
The rapid development of artificial intelligence allows us to assume that video productions using DeepFake technology will soon be impossible to distinguish from real materials.
The impact of DeepFake on security on a global, international and individual level can be huge. Among other things, this technology can be used:
in political matters, using the image of politicians to create fake news can lead to diplomatic scandals and increased tensions between countries. In extreme cases, for example, a declaration of war or the use of weapons of mass destruction may occur;
DeepFake may also contribute to the spread of misinformation and chaos, including manipulating public opinion or promoting false information among the community using the image of recognized scientific authorities;
by 2019, 96% of DeepFake videos contained pornographic content.
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A number of applications have been created using this technology, which can be used without victims' knowledge or consent to generate pornographic content with their participation;
content generated using DeepFake technology can be used for extortion, extortion, defamation and violation of personal rights.
As you can see, the ethical aspects of DeepFake and the use of this technology arouse a lot of controversy. DeepFake technology can be used for commercial purposes without violating ethical standards. An example would be the use of the image of the deceased in the recording of a new film by the actors.
The use of DeepFake technology to complete a film and thereby not waste the capital used to make it, while paying respect to the deceased actor with the consent of the heirs of his image, does not seem to raise ethical controversies. However, like any technology, DeepFake can do a lot of damage in the wrong hands and poses a real danger to us all.
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